Matthew
Chapter 20
Memory verses for
this week: Psa 90:14 O satisfy us early
with thy mercy; that we may rejoice and be glad all our days.
Introduction:
In
last week’s lesson, Christ taught that God never wanted man and woman
to divorce, but gave the commandment of divorcement due to the
hardness of their hearts. Later, he showed the self-righteous young
ruler that he had not truly kept all of the commandments. He had
broken the first one in having no other gods before the Lord when he
put his money before his dedication and service to God. This week we
begin our study with a parable.
I. Parable of the
Laborers in the Vineyard
Mat 20:1 For the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is an
householder, which went out early in the morning to hire labourers
into his vineyard.
Mat 20:2 And when he had agreed with the labourers for a penny a
day, he sent them into his vineyard.
The first ones who came to work agreed to work for a full day
at a fair wage in their day for one penny. The second group that were
hired at 9am were told that he would pay them ‘Whatsoever is right.”
Whenever we work for our employers, we should give a fair days work
for the pay. If we agree to work for minimum wage, we should give
our all as if we were paid a high wage. It glorifies the Lord when
we work hard. We should work as if we are working for the Lord.
Col 3:23 And
whatsoever ye do, do it heartily, as to the Lord, and not unto men;
Col 3:24 Knowing
that of the Lord ye shall receive the reward of the inheritance: for
ye serve the Lord Christ.
Mat 20:3 And he went out about the third hour, and saw others
standing idle in the marketplace,
Mat 20:4 And said unto them; Go ye also into the vineyard, and
whatsoever is right I will give you. And they went their way.
It is sad that the householder found many standing idly about
in the marketplace. However, in this day and time, it was common for
people to work for one days wage at a time. We have grown accustomed
to having jobs that last months and years at a time, but back in this
day, people were hired to work by the day.
Mat 20:5 Again he went out about the sixth and ninth hour, and did
likewise.
Mat 20:6 And about the eleventh hour he went out, and found others
standing idle, and saith unto them, Why stand ye here all the day
idle?
Mat 20:7 They say unto him, Because no man hath hired us. He saith
unto them, Go ye also into the vineyard; and whatsoever is right, that
shall ye receive.
The third set of laborers came on at around noon and the next
group at 3 p.m., and were also told that they would be paid fairly
also… whatsoever is right I will give you. Then the last group is
hired in the 11th hour which would have been around 5 p.m.,
and were also told to be paid a fair amount. All were hired at
different intervals, and it appeared it to not be their fault. All
seemed willing to have worked the whole day, but were just hired at a
later time. The first group was hired out at an honest and fair
wage, and the others trusted that they would be paid fairly by the
householder.
Mat 20:8 So when even was come, the lord of the vineyard saith
unto his steward, Call the labourers, and give them their hire,
beginning from the last unto the first.
Mat 20:9 And when they came that were hired about the eleventh
hour, they received every man a penny.
The pay-off began with the last group hired, on down the list
to the first ones hired. Through the goodness and mercy of the
householder, they all received a ‘full day’s wages.” Those hired
last were paid first, and those hired first paid last.
Mat 20:10 But when the first came, they supposed that they should
have received more; and they likewise received every man a penny.
Mat 20:11 And when they had received it, they murmured against the
goodman of the house,
Mat 20:12 Saying, These last have wrought but one hour, and thou
hast made them equal unto us, which have borne the burden and heat of
the day.
Mat 20:13 But he answered one of them, and said, Friend, I do thee
no wrong: didst not thou agree with me for a penny?
Mat 20:14 Take that thine is, and go thy way: I will give unto
this last, even as unto thee.
Mat 20:15 Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own?
Is thine eye evil, because I am good?
Mat 20:16 So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many
be called, but few chosen.
The first group murmured because they had a greedy heart.
The thought because they worked all day, they should have received
‘more’. But why should they? Did they not agree to work for a fair
price? They had agreed to work for a fair wage, and they were being
paid as agreed. The householder was just being over generous to
those who had less coming… not being unfair to pay what was agreed to
be paid. This parable pictures the rewards given by the Lord to ALL
His servants in life. Some will live a long life of service… some may
only work a few days if none at all. But whether we live long or
short lives after experiencing salvation—All will receive their due
reward according to faithfulness.
II. Jesus Foretells
His Death and Resurrection
Mat 20:17 And Jesus going up to Jerusalem took the twelve
disciples apart in the way, and said unto them,
Mat 20:18 Behold, we go up to Jerusalem; and the Son of man shall
be betrayed unto the chief priests and unto the scribes, and they
shall condemn him to death,
Mat 20:19 And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to
scourge, and to crucify him: and the third day he shall rise again.
Christ had attempted several other times to make the
disciples understand about how he would die and be resurrected. This
was something they had a hard time understanding. He reminded them
constantly that He was going to die and be raised from the dead.
Apparently this was a difficult doctrine for them to believe. Even
after his death, they had troubles with this and seemed to lack the
faith to believe that Jesus was coming back from the grave. Most
likely, had we have been there, we would have had this same lack of
faith. Jesus was to be betrayed and handed over to the chief priest
and scribes. These were to condemn him to death, and later deliver
him to the Gentiles who would mock, scourge, and crucify Him. The
third day God would raise him from the dead. We all need to remember
that it wasn’t just those people in that day that caused Christ to
die… we all because of our sins nailed Christ to that cross. One of
my favorite songs we sing in our quartet “When He Was on the Cross, I
was on His Mind.” That is so true… I believe Jesus would have come
and laid down His life for just me.. or for just you. If we had been
the only ones in need of a Savior, Jesus would still have died just
for us.
III. A Mother’s
Request for Her Sons
Mat 20:20 Then came to him the mother of Zebedee's children with
her sons, worshipping him, and desiring a certain thing of him.
Mat 20:21 And he said unto her, What wilt thou? She saith unto
him, Grant that these my two sons may sit, the one on thy right hand,
and the other on the left, in thy kingdom.
This request by James and John’s mother was a selfish
request. When we start looking to the Lord for personal gain or for
position or honor, something is wrong with our desires. She wants
one son to set on the left of Christ and one on the right. I guess
every parent wants the very best for their children, but this was
going a bit far. We know from our earlier studies that the ‘sheep’
and ‘goat’ nations are to sit on the right hand and left hand at the
time of the judgment of the nations.
Mat 20:22 But Jesus answered and said, Ye know not what ye ask.
Are ye able to drink of the cup that I shall drink of, and to be
baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with? They say unto him,
We are able.
Mat 20:23 And he saith unto them, Ye shall drink indeed of my cup,
and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with: but to sit
on my right hand, and on my left, is not mine to give, but it shall be
given to them for whom it is prepared of my Father.
The mother did not realize what she was asking them. He
questions if they could drink of the cup which he was about to drink
of, and to be baptized with his baptism. They think nothing of
saying that they could. I doubt that they realized the full impact
of what they were saying, and had surely forgot what Christ had told
them about not being able to do anything without Christ.
John 15:5 I am the
vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the
same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing.
Jesus tells them that they might could partake of the cup and
be baptized with the baptism that He was baptized with, but it was not
for him to give the seats to his left and right. It was prepared for
certain ones, and God would dictate who sit in those seats.
J. Vernon McGee points out that we must work for the Lord if
we want to receive rewards.
When these two verses are
read with omissions, the sense becomes clear. My friend, don’t miss
the meaning here because it is so important to Christians today. Our
Lord is not saying that there is no place at His right hand and left
hand for somebody. He is saying that He will not arbitrarily
give the positions to James and John or to anyone else. Rather, the
places are for those who prepare themselves for them.
Note this very
carefully: Heaven is for the asking. You do nothing,
nothing, for salvation. You are saved by
faith in Christ through His marvelous grace. However, my friend, your
position, your reward in heaven is determined by what you do down here
on earth. That is very important, and Christians seem to have lost
sight of it. What kind of a place are you preparing for yourself?
Personally, I have no ambition for the places on Christ’s right or
left hand—I’m sure I have missed those—but I
am
working for a place. All of us should be doing this. In Philippians
3:14 Paul said, “I press toward the mark for the prize of the
high calling of God in Christ Jesus.” The
trouble with Christians today is that too few are even trying to win
anything. We need to recognize salvation as a free gift, but we need
to get on the race course in order to receive a reward.
[i]
Mat 20:24 And when the ten heard it, they were moved with
indignation against the two brethren.
Mat 20:25 But Jesus called them unto him, and said, Ye know that
the princes of the Gentiles exercise dominion over them, and they that
are great exercise authority upon them.
Mat 20:26 But it shall not be so among you: but whosoever will be
great among you, let him be your minister;
Mat 20:27 And whosoever will be chief among you, let him be your
servant:
Mat 20:28 Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto,
but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.
The attitude of the other apostles was not good. Instead of
seeing the request in a negative way humbly, they are moved with
indignation towards James and John. That makes them truly no better
than the other two because they were selfish in their feelings
also. Jesus tells them that the Gentiles authority was exercised
among them, but Jesus would not have it this way among his
disciples. Those who will have honor will become a servant to
others. If Jesus did not want us to have the heart of a servant, He
would not have come as a servant to all mankind. We are to look at
Christ’s example and be a servant in our life if we want honor in the
next life.
I loved what Matthew Henry said on these verses. Here is but
a short portion of his comments.
How
then shall it be among the disciples of Christ? Something of greatness
among them Christ himself had intimated, and here he explains it; "He
that will be great among you, that will be chief, that would really be
so, and would be found to be so at last, let him be your minister,
your servant,’’ v. 26, 27. Here observe, 1. That it is the duty of
Christ’s disciples to serve one another, for mutual edification. This
includes both humility and usefulness. The followers of Christ must be
ready to stoop to the meanest offices of love for the good one of
another, must submit one to another (1 Pt. 5:5; Eph. 5:21), and edify
one another (Rom. 14:19), please one another for good, Rom. 15:2. The
great apostle made himself every one’s servant; see 1 Co. 9:19. 2. It
is the dignity of Christ’s disciples faithfully to discharge this
duty. The way to be great and chief is to be humble and serviceable.
Those are to be best accounted of, and most respected, in the church,
and will be so by all that understand things aright; not those that
are dignified with high and mighty names, like the names of the great
ones of the earth, that appear in pomp, and assume to themselves a
power proportionable, but those that are most humble and self-denying,
and lay out themselves most to do good, though to the diminishing of
themselves. These honour God most, and those he will honour. As he
must become a fool that would be wise, so he must become a servant
that would be chief. St. Paul was a great example of this; he laboured
more abundantly than they all, made himself (as some would call it) a
drudge to his work; and is not he chief? Do we not by consent call him
the great apostle, though he called himself less than the least? And
perhaps our Lord Jesus had an eye to him, when he said, There were
last that should be first; for Paul was one born out of due time (1
Co. 15:8); not only the youngest child of the family of the apostles,
but a posthumous one, yet he became greatest.
.[ii]
IV. The Healing of
the Two Blind Men
Mat 20:29 And as they departed from Jericho, a great multitude
followed him.
Mat 20:30 And, behold, two blind men sitting by the way side, when
they heard that Jesus passed by, cried out, saying, Have mercy on us,
O Lord, thou son of David.
Mat 20:31 And the multitude rebuked them, because they should hold
their peace: but they cried the more, saying, Have mercy on us, O
Lord, thou son of David.
These blind men cried out for the mercy of God. When they
were told by the multitude to hold their peace, they cried out the
more. They must have had a lot of faith, because they did not give up
but kept on crying out. Notice the question Jesus had for them in
verse 32.
Mat 20:32 And Jesus stood still, and called them, and said, What
will ye that I shall do unto you?
Mat 20:33 They say unto him, Lord, that our eyes may be opened.
Mat 20:34 So Jesus had compassion on them, and touched their eyes:
and immediately their eyes received sight, and they followed him.
Their request was that their eyes be opened. Oh that the
lost man or woman might see their need and cry out that their
spiritual eyes might be opened. Jesus, as was always the case, had
compassion upon them and healed them both. These men were grateful,
and it says they followed him. Oh how we all need to do this.
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Prov
4:18 But the path of the just is as the shining light, that shineth
more and more unto the perfect day.
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Practice Random Acts of Kindness. Each act spreads, and many will be
blessed.
[i]J.
Vernon McGee, Thru the Bible
commentary [computer file], electronic ed., Logos Library System,
(Nashville: Thomas Nelson) 1997, c1981 by J. Vernon McGee.
[ii]Henry,
Matthew, Matthew Henry’s
Commentary on the Bible,
(Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers) 1997.